The Theory Of Heat Radiation (1914)

Author: Max Planck 

Translator: Morton Masius 

Release Date: June 18, 2012

[EBook #40030]

Language: English


PART I FUNDAMENTAL FACTS AND DEFINITIONS 

I. General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
II. Radiation at Thermodynamic Equilibrium. Kirchhoff’s Law. Black Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27


PART II DEDUCTIONS FROM ELECTRODYNAMICS AND THERMODYNAMICS 

I. Maxwell’s Radiation Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
II. Stefan-Boltzmann Law of Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
III. Wien’s Displacement Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
IV. Radiation of Any Arbitrary Spectral Distribution of Energy. Entropy and Temperature of Monochromatic Radiation . . . . 104
V. Electrodynamical Processes in a Stationary Field of Radiation 124

PART III ENTROPY AND PROBABILITY 

I. Fundamental Definitions and Laws. Hypothesis of Quanta . . 133
II. Ideal Monatomic Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
III. Ideal Linear Oscillators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
IV. Direct Calculation of the Entropy in The Case of Thermodynamic Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

PART IV A SYSTEM OF OSCILLATORS IN A STATIONARY FIELD OF RADIATION 

I. The Elementary Dynamical Law for The Vibrations of an Ideal Oscillator. Hypothesis of Emission of Quanta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
II. Absorbed Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
III. Emitted Energy. Stationary State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
IV. The Law of the Normal Distribution Of Energy. Elementary Quanta Of Matter and Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

PART V IRREVERSIBLE RADIATION PROCESSES 

I. Fields of Radiation in General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
II. One Oscillator in the Field of Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
III. A System of Oscillators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
IV. Conservation of Energy and Increase Of Entropy. Conclusion 241
List of Papers on Heat Radiation and the Hypothesis of Quanta by the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258


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